Mesenchymal stem cell‐glioblastoma interactions mediated via kinin receptors unveiled by cytometry

Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most malignant and devastating brain tumors. The presence highly therapy-resistant GBM cell subpopulations within tumor mass, rapid invasion into tissues reciprocal interactions with stromal cells in microenvironment contributes to an inevitable fatal prognosis for patients. We highlight recent evidence crosstalk mesenchymal stem (MSCs), which occurs either by direct cell–cell via gap junctions microtubules or fusion. MSCs paracrine are commonly observed involve cytokine signaling, regulating MSC tropism toward GBM, their intra-tumoral distribution, immune system responses. MSC-promoted effects depending on receptor expression patterns considered critical progression. origin, heterogeneity plasticity may also determine outcome such interactions. Kinins kinin-B1 -B2 receptors play important roles information flow between cells. Kinin-B1 activity favors migration fusion Flow image (tissue) cytometry powerful tools investigate applied analyze characterize several other cancer types.